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Pre-Bone Marrow Transplant Evaluation in Pune

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A bone marrow transplant (BMT) is a special procedure performed to replace either the destroyed or damaged bone marrow with a healthy bone marrow. Bone marrow is soft and fatty tissue present inside the bone, which produces the blood cells.

BMT involves taking the cells usually found in the bone marrow and then giving them back to the patient or another person. BMT aims to transfuse the healthy bone marrow cells into a person after his own unhealthy bone marrow has been treated for killing the abnormal cells.

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Autologous Transplant - Steps:

Collection of cells

Step 1

Collection of cells
Over several days, medication is administered to increase cell production. Cells are then collected through a vein in the arm or chest and stored for future use.

Pre-transplant treatment

Step 2

Pre-transplant treatment
Lasting 5-10 days, high-dose chemotherapy is administered, and in some cases, radiation therapy is included.

Getting the cells back

Step 3

Getting the cells back
On transplant day, cells are infused back into the bloodstream via a catheter. This process, known as infusion, may involve multiple doses.

Recovery

Step 5

Recovery
This step includes close monitoring of cell recovery and growth, antibiotic prescriptions for infection reduction, and management of side effects.

Allogeneic Transplant - Steps:

Identification of donor

Step 1

Identification of Donor
Similar to autologous transplants, in this step cell production is increased, and cells are collected from the donor.

Collection of cells

Step 2

Collection of cells from the donor
Cells are collected from the donor's bone marrow or bloodstream, depending on the method chosen.

Pre-transplant treatment

Step 3

Pre-transplant treatment
Lasting 5-7 days, the recipient undergoes chemotherapy, with or without radiation therapy, preparing the body for donor cells.

Getting the cells back

Step 4

Receiving the Donor Cells
On transplant day, the donor's cells are infused into the recipient's bloodstream through a catheter, taking less than an hour.

Recovery

Step 5

Recovering
During the initial recovery phase, antibiotics reduce infection risk, and medications address graft versus host disease (GVHD) and other side effects.

Complications of Bone Marrow Transplant

As with any surgery, complications may arise during a bone marrow transplant. Common complications include:

  • Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD): More likely in allogeneic transplants, symptoms may include dry eyes, skin rashes, breathlessness, nausea, joint pains, among others.
  • Other Complications: Damage to organs, infections, cancer, bleeding, eye problems (such as cataracts), liver or kidney issues, infertility, and numbness or cramps in limbs.

Being aware of potential complications is essential, although not all patients will experience them. Bone marrow transplant treatment in Pune offers a comprehensive approach to safeguarding health during this critical medical process.

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